Unit 36 Task 3

Interview One(video)

Purposes- This was done for the Reflexive style factual program

Interview planning

Location- Large Studio, West Kent college, TN9 2PW, Tonbridge, Kent

Date and Time- Wednesday 26th April 2017 at 9:00am

Appropriate setting- yes this was the best setting for the interview because we were able to control all the aspects of the interview such as lighting, set design along with being away from any noise or disruption that could hinder the filming. It also had a refined and professional look we were aiming for our factual program.
Recording methods- During the filming of the interviews we used two DSLR camera along with 1 tie mic, the cameras were a Nikon and a Canon which were provided by two crew members.
Ambient considerations- Using the Large studio was wise because of the lack of any ambient noise the leaks through the sound proofing around the room which was just what we needed even though we filmed at a quiet time of the day while everyone is at lunch which was intentional
Talent liaison considerations- Before filming we all made sure we had looked at each others questions and were happy to answer them along with making sure everyone was able to get o the interview and knew what they were doing.
Requirements of interview- There were not any real requirements for the interview except that it had to be done be a member of the crew and not some random person.

Structuring
Question formulation- The questions were designed to be open and mostly objective but at the same time we wanted the interviewee to talk about the government and what they thought they could be doing so we added some questions that would be able to do just that without it sounding too aggressive or subjective.
Scripting of interviewer input- when writing the questions we made sure we stay as objective as possible while still trying to get our point across which made coming up with the question slightly tricky but we eventually came up with suitable ones.
Consideration of interview style- With the interview styling we didn't want it so be in your face so we concentrated more on the answers but we had a small part of ourselves in frame while filming so that the physical aspect of us was still there. We also keep the atmosphere very calm and relaxed so who ever the interviewee was feeling nervous or pressured to answer the question so we got the most genuine answers from them.
Definition of structural progression- During other units I have learnt about the structures of other interviews so incorporating it into the factual program wasn't too hard with the questions, we have opening questions to get the interviewee comfortable before the main questions begun, then it ended with summary type questions.

Preparation
Client Liaison-Before filming we all made sure we had looked at each others questions and were happy to answer them along with making sure everyone was able to get o the interview and knew what they were doing. 
Time Management- I talked to the interviewee and crew member to make sure everyone knew when and where everyone needed to be along with how long we had to do it, so we split up each part of the interview into timed segments so we didn't fall behind schedule.

Interview Questions

1. When the director came to you and pitched his idea for the documentary, why did you want to be part of it?
2. When you were sitting on the bench with your sleeping bag, what where you feeling? Especially when the cyclist was cycling past?
3. Was there any point filming the documentary that you felt unsafe, or wanted to stop filming?
4. Before filming this documentary did you know that there was such a big problem in the United Kingdom, regards to homelessness?
5. Do you think this increasing problem is being hidden by the government to try and keep its wealthy reputation high?
6. Do you think there is enough out there to support people who are homeless?
7. What do you think should be in place?
8. How can people help, who want to help?

Interview Two(Radio)

Purposes- This was done for research purposes and extra information.

Interview planning

Location- Recording Studio, West Kent college, TN9 2PW, Tonbridge, Kent

Date and Time- Wednesday 28th April 2017 at 9:00am

Appropriate setting- yes this was the best setting for the interview because we were able to control all the sound of the interview as well as the surrounding as it was done within a sound proof booth with a mic inside.
Recording methods- We used Adobe Audition to capture the audio
Ambient considerations- Using the Recording booth was wise because of the lack of any ambient noise the leaks through the sound proofing around the room which was just what we needed even though we recorded at a quiet time of the day while everyone is at lunch which was intentional.
Talent liaison considerations- Before filming I made sure he had looked at the questions and were happy to answer them along with making sure he was able to get o the interview and knew what he were doing.
Requirements of interview- There were not any real requirements for the interview.

Structuring

Question formulation- For these questions I wanted someone who I hadn't talked to about the documentary to give me their in altered answers to the questions but at he same time I was also objective but the questions still pushed a little towards to government and what Tunbridge wells could be doing. 
Scripting of interviewer input- When writing the questions we made sure we stay as objective as possible while still trying to get our point across which made coming up with the question slightly tricky but we eventually came up with suitable ones.
Consideration of interview style- I wanted to keep this as simple as possible with just having a basic interview as I was more interested in the information instead of how it was set out.
Definition of structural progression- During other units I have learnt about the structures of other interviews so incorporating it into the factual program wasn't too hard with the questions, we have opening questions to get the interviewee comfortable before the main questions begun, then it ended with summary type questions.

Preparation
Client Liaison-Before filming I made sure he had looked at each of the questions and were happy to answer them. 
Time Management-  I had spoken to the person I was going to interview and had them stay behind during lunch to get his interview quickly recorded so there was less chance of ambient noises and we would be in the class to start with so no traveling needed.

Interview Questions:

1. What is your name?
2. How old are you?
3. How often do you see homeless people in your area?
4. Are you aware of the growing problem with homelessness in Tunbridge Wells?
5. What do you think is being done to combat homelessness in this middle-class area?
6. Do you feel sympathy towards homeless people?
7. Are you aware of any charities that help homeless people?
8. What about support groups (soup kitchens, food banks)?
9. Do you think attitudes to the homeless are changing?

Unit 36:Task 2

Purpose of Research

Key facts about topic-  The reason we have researched the topic and what we are going to ask questions about and generally talk about is so that we all have an understanding of what we are talking about and that we know what are asking the right questions. The homeless is a very serious matter so not putting in the effort to know what you will be making a documentary on would be silly and unprepared. Also when interviewing each other about our experiences it was important we knew what we were saying and we as objective as we could be.

Potential issues- The potential issue would be that we might of not been able to get to book the west Kent large studio because of the other people making their factual programmes. What also could be an issue. To combat this we booked the studio a week in advanced so we didn't leave it to chance when we actually wanted to film the interviews.

Potential areas of interest- the areas of interest would be what they thought about the whole experience and if doing this documentary has helped them see a fraction of what the homeless have to go through on a day to day basis. Also what would be great to know would be how they adapted to the situation and what they gained either in skills or knowledge about the whole process.

Areas of interest or concern surrounding topic- I am keen to see what different members of the crew take from the experience, but at the same time I'm concerned if they might not want to talk about it due to personal reasons or just lack of knowledge because not every knows a lot about the homeless which is why we have all researched into this.

Relevant matters in background of interviewee- Everyone in our group came into the whole process with an objective view of the homeless so there was no biased views or opinions towards them which could be made apparent later on in the production. I we also made sure everyone was comfortable with talking about the homeless and still have enough of an opinion which would make for an interesting interview. all of our background have been relatively comfortable which has open all of our eyes to the problems making our reactions genuine and fresh.

Preparatory Research

Previous interviews- what I did to prepare for the interviews and the whole documentary was to watch many of the similar kind of documentary's while reading articles online and on social media about the homeless to help see what mine should be like and maybe what I could do better.

Key facts and dates about topic- Well firstly we will be tackling the psychological and physical aspects of what it is like to be homeless and what it would be like for an ordinary middle-class person to be put in such a situation and how they would cope. This would all be done on one day with the Two other crew members comprising of Jacob and I, then interview each other on our experiences in a controlled environment.

Themes surrounding interviewee- One of the Crews family members are friends with a member of the homeless community in the area of Tunbridge wells and Rust hall which meant he had an previous understanding with the homeless, this was the same for the rest of he crew because we have all experienced the homeless at some point in varied amounts.

Methods of Research
Primary- Our research that would be primary was gathering the information on the streets from Toms and his experiences. We will also be using the rest of the crews experiences during filming of the factual programme in a reflexive style .

Secondary- After gathering the primary information during the filming we will then interview each other in order to gather the secondary information about what we had done and our emotions and feelings towards it. Then we asked each other a set of questions about homelessness in the Tunbridge Wells area and just in general

We also gathered information from different websites that provided stats and statics about the homeless that we were able to use within our program. I had also watched some interviews that could help me towards the look and the structure of the interviews. 
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/bsp/hi/pdfs/01_11_16_fo4_hiddenhomeless.pdf

I have used this video for inspiration because of the way his interviews have been filmed, and the lighting and shots used.

Terminology of Structuring Interviews

Terminology of Structuring Interviews

Interview Styling

Hard news- hard news would be the first thing people see when they pick a news paper. This would me it would appear on the front page as the most important piece of new that as recently happened. this would usually deal with major topics such as International news, politics  and business. This a great example for hard news, it has a big picture relating to the top story for the day with other smaller less important stories below.

Combative- These types of interviews usually happen when the person conducting the interview already has opinions of the subject matter that is being discussed which can lead to a heated combative interview where what they are talking about can quickly change and could cause the interviewee to say something that would wouldn't usually say which can be both good and bad.  

Light-hearted- This would be similar to entertainment where the questions aren't very direct and the interviewer isn't into squeeze the interviewee for important information. this might be a more chilled out segment within a show where the interviews information's doesn't related to a serious topic.

Entertainment- This type of interviewing would most likely be found on entertainment shows that would have celebrity guests on it and they would interview them to get the apropraite response from them in order to entertain the audience and to get information that is new causing the view rating for the show to increase. 

Investigative- Type of journalism is used to gain new information that other news stations might not already have, so the questions would slowly prod deeper and deeper into the interviewee to gain that new information, these question could be designed to try and make them slip up and learn new things.

Promotional- Promotional interviews would be used by celebrities or author etc. in order to sell a product. This is done very often where the person would be interviewed on question that would relate to the film for example. this can be used to get other question which can go wrongly when the interviewee realises and has to get the interview back on track for them and not for the benefit of the news channel that they are talking to trying to get extra information out of them.

Interview techniques

Open- Open questions used in an interview are used in order to gather more information from the interviewee. This would mean the questions asked would have to be open so the answers can't just be dead end yes or no. Having them nice and open and flowing will make the interview more natural and flow more smoothly while also making it more comfortable to watch. A good example to watch would be John Bishops set of interviews with celebrities he's friends with which makes each question mean more so the celebrities open up more and give such great answers.  

Closed- These types of questions don't require a very long winded answer and would usually merit and yes or no.  This type of interview technique would be used in order to get definitive answers to certain questions where unwanted  information is not needed. But some question depending on how they are worded can become closed questions which the interviewer might not want so adapting questions for what answers are preferred. A good example for this would be Jonathan ross's early interview with George Harrison.

Multiple- this would be a set of questions with a related theme that build on each other to get the ball rolling at the beginning of an interview. This wouldn't be used for a heavy and serious documentary as they wouldn't dance around the subject and get straight into it as they might not care as much on how the interviewee is feeling and it could be very cold and clinical.

Direct- A Direct style of questioning wouldn't dance around the subject and get straight to the point, this is commonly used within Hard news especially among politics, most politicians are skilled enough to be able to answer everything but the question in an effort to change the subject and avert the question.

Suggestive- suggestive question are questions that want more of an answers that its implying. this is a great way of asking a sensitive question without even asking it while trying not to cause offence or not wanting to upset the interviewee. This would be used as a test to see if the interviewee will respond by answering the question they really wanted the answer for. this would be used in a lot of entertainment type news and expository. Many interviewees can usually see this coming and will react badly depending on context.

Single- A single question would be used in Hard news and would be a very direct way of asking the interviewee a question because asking one clear question will make it hard for the interviewee to change the subject and answer it differently, they would almost have to answer said question. this means each question has greater importance than multiple questions.

Structuring

Introduction-Introductions are used in almost all interviews that are conducted and exception would be for an interview that is printed within a magazine or a newspaper. The introduction is used to introduce no only the news station or channel associated with that news program, then the presenter would introduce themselves along with the guest that would be appearing in the interview. They would also introduce the topic that they will be talking about so people know how the interview will go.

Development questions- These questions would be used and the beginning of the interview to gain the trust of the interviewee and get both comfortable to so gauge how the interview will probably  go before the proper questions are asked, without this the interviewee might not want to open up and give a bad interview. this will usually set the tone for the rest of the interview.

Confidence building- This would be used on the interviewee to help they answers the questions that might be coming up and so they aren't caught off guard with any questions which could cause them to get frustrated or they could refuse to answer the question or end the interview in a worst case scenario. 

Key questions- Key questions are the questions that the interviewer would mostly want to know as well as the audience. this question would have to be direct as well as being open so the interviewee can give as much information as possible.  

Sound-bites- These are used in an interview or speech that has already been said from either another person or the same person, someone who would use many sound-bites has produced many in his professional boxing career, Mohamed Ali.

Summary- This summary would usually be a question that is asked at the end of the of the interview that would summarise the topic that the interview was covering in an effort to give the interviewee to give any information that might of been missed. this would obviously be an open question in order for that question to be answered properly.

Wind-up

The Wind-up will happen at the end of the interview where the host will ask one or two questions with the end in mind, these would be quicker, easier to answer questions so they have less chance on droning on over the time limit, after those questions the host will thank the guest and sign off with their name and also while mentioning where they work e.g. Channel 4 news, BBC news etc. 

 

Communication Skills

Active listening-When interviewing a guest or person of interest its always important to listening or at least look like you are so the person answering the question feels comfortable and thinks that your listening to them which could allow them to open up to the presenter. If not then the guest could feel annoyed or offended which would effect the way they answer the question and wouldn't open up as much or give you the quality of questions wanted.

Body language- Having open body language is very important when interviewing someone as they can feel more comfortable to talk to you and they would feel that you are open to listen to them and accepting them compared to if your arms are crossed and slouched which could mean that the you are not interested which would spoil the interview and hinder the quality of the interview.

Purposes for interviews-The purpose for interviews would be to gain information that would either be an additional amount of information needed on a subject that is being talked about by another expert. Or it could be for entertainment purposes or promotional. This would be like a interview with a fighter before a boxing match where they give information about the fight and all the other crucial information but at the same time entertaining then with their personality and some light hearted questions. 

Journalistic Context:

Print-In magazine and newspapers is where you would find written interview. These are different to a audio or visual interview because with these they are written from either a phone call or normal interview but just recorded and not filmed. The way in which they are set out is the question will be in a bold or italic font and then the answer would be below. Unlike video interviews you wouldn’t get interruptions you would get straight answers from the interviewee. Interviews on print can be many different interview styles, these include reports, hard news, straight forward, and editorial.

Television-Every interview style is shown in some way or another on television, many programs will show a certain type of interview style. The BBC who are known to have hard news, combative, and investigative interviews because they are a news channel and get the information for the viewers they want to hear. Whereas a chat show like the Alan Carr chatty man would have entertainment and promotional interviews with famous celebrities. It would be set out like the structure set out above.

Radio- These are similar to television interviews but just without the visual aspect. The structure is exactly the same, and the interviewer will give off the same body language to build a trust between there selves and the interviewee. However, you are just hearing the voices of the two people, so the interviewer will introduce the interviewee at the start and round off by saying thank you to the person so people know who is talking. The interviewee can be interviewed in the studio or over the phone which is projected to the listeners at home or in their cars.

Online-Online interviews are in many different formats with print interviews on newspaper and magazine websites, and video interviews from news reports or documentaries on websites like BBC IPlayer or ITV hub. However, many interviews can be found on YouTube where random people can post the interviews for other people to watch. All styles of interviews can be found online and almost all interviews recorded in recent years can be found online somewhere.

News-Interviews on the news are normally conducted by the presenter and would most likely be hard news or informative. The interviewee commonly would be an eye witness, a police officer, a member of the public, a politician, or a specialist in a subject. A news interview is set out to get the information without being biased (depends on the news station) so they can inform the public.

Sport-During a sporting event, you would find a post-match interview with a presenter asking ex-players or game specialists questions about what they think the score might be or past games etc. This can be found in sporting events like football games, rugby games, cricket matches, and many more. You also see cut away VT’s of interviews with some of the players or managers and after the game an after match interview about how they felt the game went.